Element: replaceChildren() method

The Element.replaceChildren() method replaces the existing children of a Node with a specified new set of children. These can be string or Node objects.

Syntax

js
replaceChildren(param1)
replaceChildren(param1, param2)
replaceChildren(param1, param2, /* …, */ paramN)

Parameters

param1, …, paramN

A set of Node objects or strings to replace the Element's existing children with. If no replacement objects are specified, then the Element is emptied of all child nodes.

Return value

None (undefined).

Exceptions

HierarchyRequestError DOMException

Thrown when the constraints of the node tree are violated.

Examples

Emptying a node

replaceChildren() provides a very convenient mechanism for emptying a node of all its children. You call it on the parent node without any argument specified:

js
myNode.replaceChildren();

Transferring nodes between elements

replaceChildren() enables you to easily transfer nodes between elements, without having to resort to verbose looping code. For example, say we have a simple application allowing you to choose what food you want for your party. This HTML might look something like this:

html
<h2>Party food option list</h2>

<main>
  <div>
    <label for="no">No thanks!</label>

    <select id="no" multiple size="10">
      <option>Apples</option>
      <option>Oranges</option>
      <option>Grapes</option>
      <option>Bananas</option>
      <option>Kiwi fruits</option>
      <option>Chocolate cookies</option>
      <option>Peanut cookies</option>
      <option>Chocolate bars</option>
      <option>Ham Sandwiches</option>
      <option>Cheese Sandwiches</option>
      <option>Falafel sandwiches</option>
      <option>Ice cream</option>
      <option>Jelly</option>
      <option>Carrot sticks and hummus</option>
      <option>Margherita pizza</option>
      <option>Pepperoni pizza</option>
      <option>Vegan veggie pizza</option>
    </select>
  </div>

  <div class="buttons">
    <button id="to-yes">Transfer to "Yes" --&gt;</button>
    <button id="to-no">&lt;-- Transfer to "No"</button>
  </div>

  <div>
    <label for="yes">Yes please!</label>

    <select id="yes" multiple size="10"></select>
  </div>
</main>

It would make sense to use some simple CSS to lay out the two select lists in a line alongside one another, with the control buttons in between them:

css
main {
  display: flex;
}

div {
  margin-right: 20px;
}

label,
button {
  display: block;
}

.buttons {
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: column;
  justify-content: center;
}

select {
  width: 200px;
}

What we want to do is transfer any selected options in the "no" list over to the "yes" list when the "yes" button is pressed, and transfer any selected options in the "yes" list over to the "no" list when the "no" button is pressed.

To do this, we give each of the buttons a click event handler, which collects together the selected options you want to transfer in one constant, and the existing options in the list you are transferring to in another constant. It then calls replaceChildren() on the list to transfer the options to, using the spread operator to pass in all the options contained in both constants.

js
const noSelect = document.getElementById("no");
const yesSelect = document.getElementById("yes");
const noBtn = document.getElementById("to-no");
const yesBtn = document.getElementById("to-yes");

yesBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  const selectedTransferOptions =
    document.querySelectorAll("#no option:checked");
  const existingYesOptions = document.querySelectorAll("#yes option");
  yesSelect.replaceChildren(...selectedTransferOptions, ...existingYesOptions);
});

noBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  const selectedTransferOptions = document.querySelectorAll(
    "#yes option:checked",
  );
  const existingNoOptions = document.querySelectorAll("#no option");
  noSelect.replaceChildren(...selectedTransferOptions, ...existingNoOptions);
});

The end result looks like this:

Specifications

Specification
DOM Standard
# ref-for-dom-parentnode-replacechildren①

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also